CompTIA LX0-104 Exam Syllabus Topics:

Topic	Details
Shells, Scripting and Data Management 17%
Customize and use the shell environment.	1. Set environment variables (e.g., PATH) at login or when spawning a new shell 2. Write BASH functions for frequently used sequences of commands 3. Maintain skeleton directories for new user accounts 4. Set command search path with the proper directory 5. The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities: Source /etc/bash.bashrc /etc/profile env export set unset ~/.bash_profile ~/.bash_login ~/.profile ~/.bashrc ~/.bash_logout function alias lists
Customize or write simple scripts.	1.Use standard sh syntax (loops, tests) 2.Use command substitution 3. Test return values for success or failure or other information provided by a command 4. Perform conditional mailing to the superuser 5. Correctly select the script interpreter through the shebang (#!) line 6. Manage the location, ownership, execution and SUID rights of scripts 7. The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities: for while test if read seq exec
SQL data management.	1.Use of basic SQL commands 2.Perform basic data manipulation 3. The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities: insert update select delete from where group by order by join
User Interfaces and Desktops 8%
Install and configure X11.	1. Verify that the video card and monitor are supported by an X server 2.Awareness of the X font server 3. Basic understanding and knowledge of the X Window configuration file 4. The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities: /etc/X11/xorg.conf xhost DISPLAY xwininfo xdpyinfo X
Set up a display manager.	1.Basic configuration of LightDM 2.Turn the display manager on or off 3.Change the display manager greeting 4.Awareness of XDM, KDM and GDM 5. The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities: lightdm /etc/lightdm/
Accessibility.	1. Basic knowledge of keyboard accessibility settings (AccessX) 2. Basic knowledge of visual settings and themes 3. Basic knowledge of assistive technology (AT) 4. The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities: Sticky/repeat keys Slow/bounce/toggle keys Mouse keys High contrast/large print desktop themes Screen reader Braille display Screen magnifier On-screen keyboard Gestures (used at login, for example gdm) Orca GOK Emacspeak
Administrative Tasks 20%
Manage user and group accounts and related system files.	1.Add, modify and remove users and groups 2. Manage user/group info in password/group databases 3. Create and manage special purpose and limited accounts 4. The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities: /etc/passwd /etc/shadow /etc/group /etc/skel chage getent groupadd groupdel groupmod passwd useradd userdel usermod
Automate system administration tasks by scheduling jobs.	1.Manage cron and at jobs 2. onfigure user access to cron and at services 3.Configure anacron 4. The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities: /etc/cron. {d,daily,hourly,monthly,weekly} /etc/at.deny /etc/at.allow /etc/crontab /etc/cron.allow /etc/cron.deny /var/spool/cron/* crontab at atq atrm anacron /etc/anacrontab
Localization and internationalization.	1. Configure local settings and environment variables 2. Configure timezone settings and environment variables 3. The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities: /etc/timezone /etc/localtime /usr/share/zoneinfo Environment variables: LC_* LC_ALL LANG TZ /usr/bin/locale tzselect tzconfig date iconv UTF-8 ISO-8859 ASCII Unicode
Essential System Services 17%
Maintain system time.	1.Set the system date and time 2. Set the hardware clock to the correct time in UTC 3.Configure the correct timezone 4.Basic NTP configuration 5. Knowledge of using the pool.ntp.org service 6.Awareness of the ntpq command 7. The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities: /usr/share/zoneinfo /etc/timezone /etc/localtime /etc/ntp.conf date hwclock ntpd ntpdate pool.ntp.org
System logging.	1.Configuration of the syslog daemon 2. Understanding of standard facilities, priorities and actions 3.Configuration of logrotate 4.Awareness of rsyslog and syslog-ng 5. The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities: syslog.conf syslogd klogd /var/log/ logger logrotate /etc/logrotate.conf /etc/logrotate.d/ Journalctl /etc/systemd/journald.conf /var/log/journal/
Mail Transfer Agent (MTA) basics.	1.Create email aliases 2.Configure email forwarding 3. Knowledge of commonly available MTA programs (postfix, sendmail, qmail, exim) (no configuration) 4. The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities: ~/.forward sendmail emulation layer commands newaliases mail mailq postfix sendmail exim qmail
Manage printers and printing.	1. Basic CUPS configuration (for local and remote printers) 2.Manage user print queues 3.Troubleshoot general printing problems 4. Add and remove jobs from configured printer queues 5. The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities: CUPS configuration files, tools and utilities /etc/cups lpd legacy interface (lpr, lprm, lpq)
Networking Fundamentals 23%
Fundamentals of Internet protocols.	1. Demonstrate an understanding of network masks and CIDR notation 2. Knowledge of the differences between private and public“dotted quad” IP addresses 3. Knowledge about common TCP and UDP ports (20, 21, 22, 23, 25, 53, 80, 110, 123, 139, 143, 161, 162, 389, 443, 465, 514, 636, 993, 995) 4. Knowledge about the differences and major features of UDP, TCP and ICMP 5. Knowledge of the major differences between IPv4 and IPv6 6.Knowledge of the basic features of IPv6 7. The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities: /etc/services IPv4, IPv6 Subnetting TCP, UDP, ICMP
Basic network configuration.	1. Manually and automatically configure network interfaces 2.Basic TCP/IP host configuration 3.Setting a default route 4. The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities: /etc/hostname /etc/hosts /etc/nsswitch.conf ifconfig ifup ifdown ip route ping
Basic network troubleshooting.	1. Manually and automatically configure network interfaces and routing tables to include adding, starting, stopping, restarting, deleting or reconfiguring network interfaces 2. Change, view or configure the routing table and correct an improperly set default route manually 3. Debug problems associated with the network configuration 4. The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities: ifconfig ip ifup ifdown route host hostname dig netstat ping ping6 traceroute traceroute6 tracepath tracepath6 netcat
Configure client side DNS.	1.Query remote DNS servers 2. Configure local name resolution and use remote DNS servers 3. Modify the order in which name resolution is done 4. The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities: /etc/hosts /etc/resolv.conf /etc/nsswitch.conf Host Dig getent
Security 15%
Perform security administration tasks.	1. Audit a system to find files with the suid/sgid bit set 2. Set or change user passwords and password aging information 3. Being able to use nmap and netstat to discover open ports on a system 4. Set up limits on user logins, processes and memory usage 5. Determine which users have logged in to the system or are currently logged in 6.Basic sudo configuration and usage 7. The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities: find passwd fuser lsof nmap chage netstat sudo /etc/sudoers su usermod ulimit who, w, last
Set up host security.	1. Awareness of shadow passwords and how they work 2.Turn off network services not in use 3.Understand the role of TCP wrappers 4. The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities: /etc/nologin /etc/passwd /etc/shadow /etc/xinetd.d/* /etc/xinetd.conf /etc/inetd.d/* /etc/inetd.conf /etc/inittab /etc/init.d/* /etc/hosts.allow /etc/hosts.deny
Securing data with encryption.	1. Perform basic OpenSSH 2 client configuration and usage 2. Understand the role of OpenSSH 2 server host keys 3. Perform basic GnuPG configuration, usage and revocation 4. Understand SSH port tunnels (including X11 tunnels) 5. The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities: ssh ssh-keygen ssh-agent ssh-add ~/.ssh/id_rsa and id_rsa.pub ~/.ssh/id_dsa and id_dsa.pub /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_keyand ssh_host_rsa_key.pub /etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_keyand ssh_host_dsa_key.pub ~/.ssh/authorized_keys /etc/ssh_known_hosts gpg ~/.gnupg/*

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Automation & Scripting
Hardware & System Configuration
Linux Troubleshooting & Diagnostics
System Operation & Maintenance
Security

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