Quickly and Easily Pass PECB Exam with ISO-IEC-27001-Lead-Auditor real Dumps Updated on May-2026
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PECB ISO-IEC-27001-Lead-Auditor exam is ideal for individuals who are looking to advance their careers in the field of information security management. ISO-IEC-27001-Lead-Auditor exam covers a range of topics, including information security management systems, risk management, and the auditing process. Successful completion of the exam demonstrates that an individual has the skills and knowledge necessary to lead an audit team and evaluate an organization's information security management system.
NEW QUESTION # 27
You are an experienced ISMS audit team leader guiding an auditor in training. You decide to test her knowledge of follow-up audits by asking her a series of questions. Here are your questions and her answers.
Which four of your questions has she answered correctly?
- A. Q: Should a follow-up audit seek to identify new nonconformities? A:YES
- B. Q: Should follow-up audits seek to ensure nonconformities have been effectively addressed? A:YES
- C. Q: Should the outcome from a follow-up audit be reported to the audit team leader who carried out the audit at which the NCs were originally identified? A:YES
- D. Q: Should the outcome from a follow-up audit be reported to the audit client? A:No
- E. Q: Are follow-up audits required for all audits? A:No
- F. Q: Could an outcome from a follow-up audit be another follow-up audit if required? A:YES
- G. Q: Should follow-up audits consider agreed opportunities for improvement as well as corrective action? A:No
- H. Q: Is the purpose of a follow-up audit to verify the completion of corrections, corrective actions, and opportunities for improvement? A:YES
Answer: B,E,F,H
Explanation:
Based on the understanding of follow-up audits, especially in the context of Information Security Management Systems (ISMS) and the guidelines provided by ISO 19011:2018, here are the four questions from your list that the auditor in training has answered correctly:
B . Q: Should follow-up audits seek to ensure nonconformities have been effectively addressed? A: YES This is correct. The primary purpose of follow-up audits is to verify that nonconformities identified in previous audits have been effectively addressed and the corrective actions taken are suitable and effective.
D . Q: Is the purpose of a follow-up audit to verify the completion of corrections, corrective actions, and opportunities for improvement? A: YES Yes, the follow-up audit aims to verify the completion and effectiveness of corrections and corrective actions. It may also consider the implementation of opportunities for improvement identified during the initial audit.
E . Q: Are follow-up audits required for all audits? A: NO This is correct. Follow-up audits are not automatically required for all audits. They are typically conducted when nonconformities or other significant issues were identified in an earlier audit and there's a need to verify the implementation and effectiveness of the corrective actions.
H . Q: Could an outcome from a follow-up audit be another follow-up audit if required? A: YES Yes, this is a possible outcome. If the follow-up audit finds that the corrective actions have not been fully effective, or if new issues are identified, it may be necessary to conduct another follow-up audit.
The other responses provided by the auditor in training require some clarification or correction. For instance, while a follow-up audit primarily focuses on previously identified nonconformities and corrective actions, it can still identify new nonconformities if observed (A). Opportunities for improvement are generally considered in the scope of regular audits more so than in follow-up audits, which are more narrowly focused on corrective actions (C). Also, the outcomes of follow-up audits should typically be reported to both the audit team leader and the audit client (F and G), ensuring transparency and accountability.
The four questions that the auditor in training has answered correctly are B, D, E, and H.
These questions and answers are consistent with the definition and purpose of a follow-up audit as specified in ISO 19011:2018, Clause 6.712. A follow-up audit is conducted to verify the completion and effectiveness of corrective actions taken as a result of a previous audit (B, D). Follow-up audits are not mandatory for all audits, but they may be required by the audit program, the audit client, or other interested parties (E). The outcome of a follow-up audit may be another follow-up audit if the corrective actions are not satisfactory or not completed within the agreed time frame (H). The other questions and answers are either incorrect or irrelevant. A follow-up audit should not seek to identify new nonconformities, as this is not its objective (A). Follow-up audits should consider agreed opportunities for improvement as well as corrective actions, as they are both outputs of a previous audit . The outcome of a follow-up audit should be reported to the audit client, as well as to other relevant parties, such as the audit team leader who carried out the previous audit (F, G). Reference: 1: ISO 19011:2018, Guidelines for auditing management systems, Clause 6.7 \n2: PECB Certified ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor Exam Preparation Guide, Domain 6: Closing an ISO/IEC 27001 audit
NEW QUESTION # 28
Which two of the following actions are the individual(s) managing the audit programme responsible for?
- A. Defining the plan of an individual audit
- B. Determining the resources necessary for the audit programme
- C. Communicating with the auditee during the audit
- D. Defining the objectives, scope and criteria for an individual audit
- E. Keping informed the accreditation body on the progress of the audit programme
- F. Determining the legal requirements applicable to each audit
Answer: B,E
Explanation:
Explanation
Establishing the audit programme objectives, scope and criteria
Determining the resources necessary for the audit programme, such as the audit team members, the budget, the time, the tools, etc.
Selecting and appointing the audit team leaders and auditors
Reviewing and approving the audit plans and arrangements
Ensuring the effective communication and coordination among the audit programme stakeholders, such as the auditors, the auditees, the certification bodies, the accreditation bodies, etc.
Keeping informed the accreditation body on the progress of the audit programme, especially in case of any significant changes, issues, or nonconformities Monitoring and reviewing the performance and results of the audit programme and the audit teams Evaluating the feedback and satisfaction of the auditees and other interested parties Identifying and implementing the opportunities for improvement of the audit programme The individual(s) managing the audit programme are not responsible for the following tasks, which are delegated to the audit team leaders or the auditors12:
Communicating with the auditee during the audit, such as conducting the opening and closing meetings, resolving any audit-related problems, reporting any audit findings, etc.
Determining the legal requirements applicable to each audit, such as the confidentiality, the impartiality, the consent, the liability, etc.
Defining the objectives, scope and criteria for an individual audit, which are derived from the audit programme and agreed with the auditee Defining the plan of an individual audit, which includes the audit schedule, the audit activities, the audit methods, the audit documents, etc.
References:
ISO 19011:2018 - Guidelines for auditing management systems
PECB Candidate Handbook ISO 27001 Lead Auditor, pages 19-20
NEW QUESTION # 29
Changes on project-managed applications or database should undergo the change control process as documented.
- A. True
- B. False
Answer: A
Explanation:
Explanation
Changes on project-managed applications or database should undergo the change control process as documented, because this is a requirement of ISO/IEC 27001:2022 clause 12.1.2, which states that "the organization shall define and apply a change management process for changes to systems and applications within the scope of the information security management system". The change management process should ensure that changes are recorded, assessed, authorized, prioritized, planned, tested, implemented, documented and reviewed in a controlled manner. References: [CQI & IRCA Certified ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Lead Auditor Training Course], [ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Information technology - Security techniques - Information security management systems - Requirements]
NEW QUESTION # 30
You are an experienced audit team leader guiding an auditor in training.
Your team is currently conducting a third-party surveillance audit of an organisation that stores data on behalf of external clients. The auditor in training has been tasked with reviewing the PHYSICAL controls listed in the Statement of Applicability (SoA) and implemented at the site.
Select four controls from the following that would you expect the auditor in training to review.
- A. The development and maintenance of an information asset inventory
- B. How power and data cables enter the building
- C. Access to and from the loading bay
- D. The conducting of verification checks on personnel
- E. The operation of the site CCTV and door control systems
- F. Information security awareness, education, and training
- G. The organisation's arrangements for maintaining equipment
- H. The organisation's business continuity arrangements
Answer: B,C,E,G
Explanation:
The four controls from the list that are related to PHYSICAL aspects of the ISMS are:
*Access to and from the loading bay
*How power and data cables enter the building
*The operation of the site CCTV and door control systems
*The organisation's arrangements for maintaining equipment
These controls are derived from the ISO 27001 Annex A, which provides a comprehensive list of information security controls that can be applied to an ISMS1. The other controls in the list are more related to ORGANIZATIONAL, LEGAL, or HUMAN aspects of the ISMS, which are also important, but not the focus of this question.
According to the ISMS Auditing Guideline2, the auditor in training should review the PHYSICAL controls by:
*Checking the SoA to identify the applicable controls and their implementation status
*Interviewing the relevant staff and management to verify their understanding and involvement in the controls
*Observing the physical and environmental conditions to confirm the existence and effectiveness of the controls
*Examining the relevant documents and records to validate the compliance and performance of the controls I hope this helps you prepare for the exam. # References: 1: What Are ISO 27001 Controls? A Guide to Annex A | Secureframe; 2: ISMS Auditing Guideline - ISO27000
NEW QUESTION # 31
You are conducting an ISMS audit in the despatch department of an international logistics organisation that provides shipping services to large organisations including local hospitals and government offices. Parcels typically contain pharmaceutical products, biological samples, and documents such as passports and driving licences. You note that the company records show a very large number of returned items with causes including misaddressed labels and, in 15% of cases, two or more labels for different addresses for the one package. You are interviewing the Shipping Manager (SM).
You: Are items checked before being dispatched?
SM: Any obviously damaged items are removed by the duty staff before being dispatched, but the small profit margin makes it uneconomic to implement a formal checking process.
You: What action is taken when items are returned?
SM: Most of these contracts are relatively low value, therefore it has been decided that it is easier and more convenient to simply reprint the label and re-send individual parcels than it is to implement an investigation.
You raise a nonconformity. Referencing the scenario, which three of the following Annex A controls would you expect the auditee to have implemented when you conduct the follow-up audit?
- A. 5.34 Privacy and protection of personal identifiable information (PII)
- B. 5.6 Contact with special interest groups
- C. 5.11 Return of assets
- D. 6.4 Disciplinary process
- E. 5.32 Intellectual property rights
- F. 6.3 Information security awareness, education, and training
- G. 5.13 Labelling of information
- H. 5.3 Segregation of duties
Answer: A,F,G
Explanation:
The three Annex A controls that you would expect the auditee to have implemented when you conduct the follow-up audit are:
* B. 5.13 Labelling of information
* E. 5.34 Privacy and protection of personal identifiable information (PII)
* G. 6.3 Information security awareness, education, and training
* B. This control requires the organisation to label information assets in accordance with the information classification scheme, and to handle them accordingly12. This control is relevant for the auditee because it could help them to avoid misaddressing labels and sending parcels to wrong destinations, which could compromise the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the information assets. By labelling the information assets correctly, the auditee could also ensure that they are delivered to the intended recipients and that they are protected from unauthorized access, use, or disclosure.
* E. This control requires the organisation to protect the privacy and the rights of individuals whose personal identifiable information (PII) is processed by the organisation, and to comply with the applicable legal and contractual obligations13. This control is relevant for the auditee because it could help them to prevent the unauthorized use of residents' personal data by a supplier, which could violate the privacy and the rights of the residents and their family members, and expose the auditee to legal and reputational risks. By protecting the PII of the residents and their family members, the auditee could also enhance their trust and satisfaction, and avoid complaints and disputes.
* G. This control requires the organisation to ensure that all employees and contractors are aware of the information security policy, their roles and responsibilities, and the relevant information security procedures and controls14. This control is relevant for the auditee because it could help them to improve the information security culture and behaviour of their staff, and to reduce the human errors and negligence that could lead to information security incidents. By providing information security awareness, education, and training to their staff, the auditee could also increase their competence and performance, and ensure the effectiveness and efficiency of the information security processes and controls.
References:
1: ISO/IEC 27001:2022 - Information technology - Security techniques - Information security management systems - Requirements, Annex A 2: ISO/IEC 27002:2022 - Information technology - Security techniques - Code of practice for information security controls, clause 8.2.1 3: ISO/IEC 27002:
2022 - Information technology - Security techniques - Code of practice for information security controls, clause 18.1.4 4: ISO/IEC 27002:2022 - Information technology - Security techniques - Code of practice for information security controls, clause 7.2.2
NEW QUESTION # 32
Which one of the following statements best describes the purpose of conducting a document review?
* To reveal whether the documented management system is nonconforming with audit criteria and to gather evidence to support the audit report
- A. To detect any nonconformity of the management system, if documented, with audit criteria and to identify information to support the audit plan
- B. To decide about the conformity of the documented management system with audit standards and to gather findings to support the audit process
- C. To determine the conformity of the management system, as far as documented, with audit criteria and to gather information to support the on-site audit activities
Answer: A
Explanation:
A document review is a process of examining the documented information related to the management system before the on-site audit activities. The purpose of a document review is to: 12
* Determine the conformity of the management system, as far as documented, with audit criteria, i.e., to check whether the documents are consistent, complete, and compliant with the requirements of ISO
/IEC 27001 and any other applicable standards or regulations.
* Gather information to support the on-site audit activities, i.e., to identify the scope, objectives, processes, controls, risks, and opportunities of the management system, and to plan the audit methods, techniques, and resources accordingly.
The other statements are not accurate, because:
* A document review does not reveal or decide about the conformity or nonconformity of the management system as a whole, but only of the documented information. The conformity or nonconformity of the management system is determined by the on-site audit activities, which include interviews, observations, and tests12
* A document review does not gather evidence or findings to support the audit report or process, but information to support the on-site audit activities. The evidence or findings are collected during the on- site audit activities, which are then documented and reported12
* A document review does not detect any nonconformity of the management system, if documented, but determines the conformity of the documented information. The nonconformity of the management system is detected by the on-site audit activities, which evaluate the performance and effectiveness of the management system12
* A document review does not identify information to support the audit plan, but gathers information to support the on-site audit activities. The audit plan is prepared before the document review, based on the audit scope, objectives, criteria, and program. The document review is part of the audit plan implementation12 References:
1: ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Lead Auditor (Information Security Management Systems) Course by CQI and IRCA Certified Training 1 2: ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor Training Course by PECB 2
NEW QUESTION # 33
Please match the roles to the following descriptions:
To complete the table click on the blank section you want to complete so that it is highlighted in red, and then click on the applicable test from the options below. Alternatively, you may drag and drop each option to the appropriate blank section.
Answer:
Explanation:
Explanation
* The auditee is the organization or part of it that is subject to the audit. The auditee could be internal or external to the audit client . The auditee should cooperate with the audit team and provide them with access to relevant information, documents, records, personnel, and facilities .
* The audit client is the organization or person that requests an audit. The audit client could be internal or external to the auditee . The audit client should define the audit objectives, scope, criteria, and programme, and appoint the audit team leader .
* The technical expert is a person who provides specific knowledge or expertise relating to the organization, activity, process, product, service, or discipline to be audited. The technical expert could be internal or external to the audit team . The technical expert should support the audit team in collecting and evaluating audit evidence, but should not act as an auditor .
* The observer is a person who accompanies the audit team but does not act as an auditor. The observer could be internal or external to the audit team . The observer should observe the audit activities without interfering or influencing them, unless agreed otherwise by the audit team leader and the auditee .
References :=
* [ISO 19011:2022 Guidelines for auditing management systems]
* [ISO/IEC 17021-1:2022 Conformity assessment - Requirements for bodies providing audit and certification of management systems - Part 1: Requirements]
NEW QUESTION # 34
Scenario 8: EsBank provides banking and financial solutions to the Estonian banking sector since September
2010. The company has a network of 30 branches with over 100 ATMs across the country.
Operating in a highly regulated industry, EsBank must comply with many laws and regulations regarding the security and privacy of data. They need to manage information security across their operations by implementing technical and nontechnical controls. EsBank decided to implement an ISMS based on ISO/IEC
27001 because it provided better security, more risk control, and compliance with key requirements of laws and regulations.
Nine months after the successful implementation of the ISMS, EsBank decided to pursue certification of their ISMS by an independent certification body against ISO/IEC 27001 .The certification audit included all of EsBank's systems, processes, and technologies.
The stage 1 and stage 2 audits were conducted jointly and several nonconformities were detected. The first nonconformity was related to EsBank's labeling of information. The company had an information classification scheme but there was no information labeling procedure. As a result, documents requiring the same level of protection would be labeled differently (sometimes as confidential, other times sensitive).
Considering that all the documents were also stored electronically, the nonconformity also impacted media handling. The audit team used sampling and concluded that 50 of 200 removable media stored sensitive information mistakenly classified as confidential. According to the information classification scheme, confidential information is allowed to be stored in removable media, whereas storing sensitive information is strictly prohibited. This marked the other nonconformity.
They drafted the nonconformity report and discussed the audit conclusions with EsBank's representatives, who agreed to submit an action plan for the detected nonconformities within two months.
EsBank accepted the audit team leader's proposed solution. They resolved the nonconformities by drafting a procedure for information labeling based on the classification scheme for both physical and electronic formats.
The removable media procedure was also updated based on this procedure.
Two weeks after the audit completion, EsBank submitted a general action plan. There, they addressed the detected nonconformities and the corrective actions taken, but did not include any details on systems, controls, or operations impacted. The audit team evaluated the action plan and concluded that it would resolve the nonconformities. Yet, EsBank received an unfavorable recommendation for certification.
Based on the scenario above, answer the following question:
Which option justifies the unfavorable recommendation for certification? Refer to scenario 8.
- A. The unrealistic date of the submitted action plan (two weeks)
- B. The major nonconformity related to storing sensitive information in removable media
- C. The minor nonconformity related to the lack of information labeling procedure
Answer: B
Explanation:
The major nonconformity related to storing sensitive information in removable media justifies the unfavorable recommendation for certification. This issue directly contradicts the information classification scheme's stipulations, indicating a significant oversight in enforcing the ISMS policies.
NEW QUESTION # 35
A property of Information that has the ability to prove occurrence of a claimed event.
- A. Availability
- B. Electronic chain letters
- C. Integrity
- D. Accessibility
Answer: C
Explanation:
A property of information that has the ability to prove occurrence of a claimed event is integrity. Integrity is one of the three main objectives of information security, along with confidentiality and availability. Integrity ensures that information and systems are not corrupted, modified, or deleted by unauthorized actions or events.
Integrity also implies that information and systems can be verified and validated as authentic and accurate.
Electronic chain letters are not a property of information, but a type of spam or hoax message that may contain malicious or misleading content. Availability means that service should be accessible at the required time and usable only by the authorized entity. Accessibility is not a property of information, but a characteristic of usability that refers to how easy it is for users to access and interact with information and systems. References: : CQI & IRCA ISO 27001:2022 Lead Auditor Course Handbook, page 24. : [ISO/IEC
27001 Brochures | PECB], page 4. : [ISO/IEC 27001 LEAD AUDITOR - PECB], page 13.
NEW QUESTION # 36
An employee caught temporarily storing an MP3 file in his workstation will not receive an IR.
- A. False
- B. True
Answer: A
Explanation:
Explanation
An employee caught temporarily storing an MP3 file in his workstation will receive an IR, because this is also a violation of the organization's information security policy and acceptable use policy. An MP3 file is a type of media file that may contain copyrighted or illegal content, or may introduce malware or viruses into the organization's network. The employee should not store any unauthorized or personal files in his workstation, as this may compromise the confidentiality, integrity and availability of the organization's information assets. References: [CQI & IRCA Certified ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Lead Auditor Training Course], [ISO/IEC
27001:2022 Information technology - Security techniques - Information security management systems - Requirements], Example of an information security policy, Example of an acceptable use policy
NEW QUESTION # 37
You are an experienced ISMS audit team leader, talking to an Auditor in training who has been assigned to your audit team. You want to ensure that they understand the importance of the Check stage of the Plan-Do- Check-Act cycle in respect of the operation of the information security management system.
You do this by asking him to select the words that best complete the sentence:
To complete the sentence with the best word(s), click on the blank section you want to complete so that it is highlighted in red, and then click on the applicable text from the options below. Alternatively, you may drag and drop the option to the appropriate blank section.
Answer:
Explanation:
Explanation:
* Review is the third stage of the Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) cycle, which is a four-step model for implementing and improving an information security management system (ISMS) according to ISO
/IEC 27001:202212. Review involves assessing and measuring the performance of the ISMS against the established policies, objectives, and criteria12.
* Assess is the verb that describes the action of reviewing the ISMS. Assess means to evaluate, analyze, or measure something in a systematic and objective manner3. Assessing the ISMS involves collecting and verifying audit evidence, identifying strengths and weaknesses, and determining the degree of conformity or nonconformity12.
* Regular is the adjective that describes the frequency or interval of reviewing the ISMS. Regular means occurring or done at fixed or uniform intervals4. Reviewing the ISMS at regular intervals means conducting internal audits and management reviews periodically, such as annually, quarterly, or monthly, depending on the needs and risks of the organization12.
* Suitability is one of the attributes that describes the quality or outcome of reviewing the ISMS. Suitability means being appropriate or fitting for a particular purpose, person, or situation5. Reviewing the ISMS for suitability means ensuring that it is aligned with the organization's strategic direction, business objectives, and information security requirements12.
References :=
* ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Information technology - Security techniques - Information security management systems - Requirements
* ISO/IEC 27003:2022 Information technology - Security techniques - Information security management systems - Guidance
* Assess | Definition of Assess by Merriam-Webster
* Regular | Definition of Regular by Merriam-Webster
* Suitability | Definition of Suitability by Merriam-Webster
NEW QUESTION # 38
You are an experienced audit team leader guiding an auditor in training.
Your team is currently conducting a third-party surveillance audit of an organisation that stores data on behalf of external clients. The auditor in training has been tasked with reviewing the TECHNOLOGICAL controls listed in the Statement of Applicability (SoA) and implemented at the site.
Select four controls from the following that would you expect the auditor in training to review.
You are an experienced audit team leader guiding an auditor in training, Your team is currently conducting a third-party surveillance audit of an organisation that stores data on behalf of external clients. The auditor in training has been tasked with reviewing the TECHNOLOGICAL controls listed in the Statement of Applicability (SoA) and implemented at the site.
Select four controls from the following that would you expect the auditor in training to review.
- A. The development and maintenance of an information asset inventory
- B. Access to and from the loading bay
- C. How access to source code and development tools are managed
- D. The conducting of verification checks on personnel
- E. Confidentiality and nondisclosure agreements
- F. How information security has been addressed within supplier agreements
- G. The operation of the site CCTV and door control systems
- H. How protection against malware is implemented
- I. Information security awareness, education and training
- J. Remote working arrangements
- K. Rules for transferring information within the organisation and to other organisations
- L. The organisation's business continuity arrangements
- M. The organisation's arrangements for maintaining equipment
- N. How the organisation evaluates its exposure to technical vulnerabilities
- O. The organisation's arrangements for information deletion
- P. How power and data cables enter the building
Answer: C,G,H,N
Explanation:
Explanation
According to ISO/IEC 27001:2022, which specifies the requirements for establishing, implementing, maintaining and continually improving an information security management system (ISMS), an organization should select and implement appropriate controls to achieve its information security objectives1. The controls should be derived from the results of risk assessment and risk treatment, and should be consistent with the Statement of Applicability (SoA), which is a document that identifies the controls that are applicable and necessary for the ISMS1. The controls can be selected from various sources, such as ISO/IEC 27002:2013, which provides a code of practice for information security controls2. Therefore, if an auditor in training has been tasked with reviewing the technological controls listed in the SoA and implemented at the site of an organization that stores data on behalf of external clients, four controls that would be expected to review are:
* How protection against malware is implemented: This is a technological control that aims to prevent, detect and remove malicious software (such as viruses, worms, ransomware, etc.) that could compromise the confidentiality, integrity or availability of information or information systems2. This control is related to control A.12.2.1 of ISO/IEC 27002:20132.
* How the organisation evaluates its exposure to technical vulnerabilities: This is a technological control that aims to identify and assess the potential weaknesses or flaws in information systems or networks that could be exploited by malicious actors or cause accidental failures2. This control is related to control A.12.6.1 of ISO/IEC 27002:20132.
* How access to source code and development tools are managed: This is a technological control that aims to protect the intellectual property rights and integrity of software applications or systems that are developed or maintained by the organization or its external providers2. This control is related to control A.14.2.5 of ISO/IEC 27002:20132.
* The operation of the site CCTV and door control systems: This is a technological control that aims to monitor and restrict physical access to the premises or facilities where information or information systems are stored or processed2. This control is related to control A.11.1.4 of ISO/IEC 27002:20132.
The other options are not examples of technological controls, but rather organizational, legal or procedural controls that may also be relevant for an ISMS audit, but are not within the scope of the auditor in training's task. For example, the development and maintenance of an information asset inventory (related to control A.8.1.1), rules for transferring information within the organization and to other organizations (related to control A.13.2.1), confidentiality and nondisclosure agreements (related to control A.13.2.4), verification checks on personnel (related to control A.7.1.2), remote working arrangements (related to control A.6.2.1), information security within supplier agreements (related to control A.15.1.1), business continuity arrangements (related to control A.17), information deletion (related to control A.8.3), information security awareness, education and training (related to control A.7.2), equipment maintenance (related to controlA.11.2), and how power and data cables enter the building (related to control A.11) are not technological controls, but rather organizational, legal or procedural controls that may also be relevant for an ISMS audit, but are not within the scope of the auditor in training's task. References: ISO/IEC 27001:2022 - Information technology - Security techniques - Information security management systems - Requirements, ISO/IEC
27002:2013 - Information technology - Security techniques - Code of practice for information security controls
NEW QUESTION # 39
Select a word from the following options that best completes the sentence:
To complete the sentence with the word(s) click on the blank section you want to complete so that it is highlighted in red, and then click on the application text from the options below. Alternatively, you may drag and drop the option to the appropriate blank section.
Answer:
Explanation:
Explanation:
The purpose of a management system audit is to evaluate the performance of an organization's management system.
A management system audit is an independent and systematic analysis and evaluation of a company's overall activities and performances1. It is a valuable tool used to determine the efficiency, functions, accomplishments and achievements of the company1. A management system audit can be conducted against a range of audit criteria, including (but not limited to) requirements set of in existing ISO standards2.
According to ISO 19011:2018, which provides guidelines for auditing management systems, the purpose of an audit is to enable the auditor to provide an audit conclusion that is related to the audit objectives2. The audit objectives are defined by the audit client and may include determining the extent of conformity or nonconformity of the audited management system against the audit criteria, evaluating the ability of the audited management system to ensure that the organization meets applicable statutory, regulatory and contractual requirements, identifying potential improvement opportunities for the audited management system, and facilitating continual improvement of the audited management system2.
Therefore, the correct answer is evaluate, as it best describes the purpose of a management system audit. The other options are not correct because they are not specific enough or do not reflect the intended outcome of an audit. For example, improve implies that the audit itself will enhance the performance of the management system, which is not necessarily true. Manage implies that the audit will control or direct the management system, which is not its role. Research implies that the audit will generate new knowledge or information about the management system, which is not its primary aim.
NEW QUESTION # 40
Question
An organization scheduled an internal audit to evaluate the ISMS effectiveness. However, it did not define the audit scope and clear audit objectives. As a result, the internal auditor overlooked critical departments handling sensitive information.
What risk associated with the audit program was present in this scenario?
- A. Resource risk
- B. Communication risk
- C. Planning risk
Answer: C
Explanation:
The scenario represents planning risk, making option A the correct answer. Planning risk arises when an audit is inadequately planned, resulting in incomplete coverage, misaligned objectives, or failure to address critical areas. ISO 19011 emphasizes that defining the audit scope, objectives, and criteria is a fundamental step in audit planning and is essential to achieving effective audit outcomes.
In this case, the organization failed to define the audit scope and objectives clearly. As a direct consequence, the auditor overlooked departments handling sensitive information, which are typically high-risk areas in an ISMS. This oversight undermines the effectiveness of the audit and increases the likelihood that significant risks or nonconformities remain undetected.
Option B is incorrect because communication risk relates to misunderstandings or ineffective information exchange between auditors and auditees. While communication issues may exist, the root cause here is inadequate planning. Option C is incorrect because resource risk concerns insufficient auditor time, competence, or tools. The problem in this scenario is not a lack of resources but the absence of structured planning.
ISO/IEC 27001 internal audits rely heavily on proper planning to ensure that all relevant processes and assets are evaluated. Therefore, the primary risk present is planning risk.
NEW QUESTION # 41
Question
During a certification audit at Company X, the audit team leader noticed that some HR processes are excluded from the audit scope. However, these processes are included in the company's ISMS scope.
Is this acceptable?
- A. Yes, only IT-related processes must be included in the audit scope.
- B. No, all processes listed in the ISMS scope must be audited.
- C. Yes, the audit scope can be narrower than the ISMS scope, provided it aligns with the audit program and objectives.
Answer: B
Explanation:
The correct answer is No, all processes listed in the ISMS scope must be audited, because the audit scope for certification must be consistent with the ISMS scope defined by the organization. ISO/IEC 27001 requires that the certification audit assess conformity of the entire ISMS as defined by its scope, not a selective subset of processes.
If HR processes are included in the ISMS scope, they are considered relevant to information security, for example through access management, onboarding and offboarding, training, and disciplinary procedures.
Excluding such processes from the audit would result in incomplete coverage and undermine the validity of the certification decision.
Option A is incorrect because while audit programs and objectives influence audit planning, they cannot override the requirement to audit the full ISMS scope. The audit scope cannot be narrower than the ISMS scope for a certification audit. Option C is incorrect because ISO/IEC 27001 applies to people, processes, and technology, not only IT-related processes.
ISO/IEC 17021-1 requires certification bodies to ensure that audits cover all elements of the management system within scope. Therefore, excluding HR processes that are part of the ISMS scope is not acceptable.
NEW QUESTION # 42
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